The introduction of cash crop farming and livestock rearing may mitigate causes of poverty, but it can also lead to soil degradation and there is a need to consider environmental balance. In 2006, the Mitsui & Co. Environment Fund backed a research project (first stage project 'Desire') into the environmental and social conditions of the Turkish drylands around Karapinar, looking at factors such as natural resources, societal structure, and potential production capabilities, with the aim of realizing sustainable development. The Crop-Mal Project is the second stage of this and involves collaborating with local governments, NGOs, researchers, and governmental institutions to create a rational platform for conserving marginal drylands. It aims to improve the welfare of local populations through the application of sustainable, environmentally-friendly techniques using traditional skills. Specifically, this will include:
(1) Conserving topsoil and water quality, and long-term monitoring activities
(2) Monitoring climate conditions and adaptating to changes in climate
(3) Building sustainable means for generating income (agriculture, livestock, handicrafts, eco-tourism)
(4) Promoting successes and conducting demonstrations